Annexin A3: A Multifaceted Protein in Cellular Regulation and Disease
Endocrinology Diagnostics
Introduction:
- Part of annexin protein group
- Binds to phospholipids in calcium-dependent manner
- 33kDa protein
- Important in cellular functions
- Serves as target and biomarker
Structure and Molecular Properties:
- Contains four similar repeats (~70 amino acids each)
- Has distinctive N-terminal section
- Central domain contains calcium binding spots
- N-terminal facilitates protein interactions
- Undergoes post-translational modifications
Physiological Functions and Cellular Regulation:
- Regulates:
- Membrane traffic flow
- Cell signaling
- Exocytosis
- Involved in:
- Cellular stress response
- Immune cell function
- Inflammation
- Cytoskeleton organization
- Cell differentiation
- Proliferation
- Autophagy
- Apoptotic processes
Role in Disease Pathogenesis:
- Cancer:
- Elevated in liver, pancreatic, lung cancers
- Correlates with poor prognosis
- Enhances tumor cell proliferation
- Increases metastatic potential
- Contributes to drug resistance
- Promotes angiogenesis
- Inflammatory Disorders:
- Associated with arthritis
- Linked to inflammatory bowel disease
- Affects neutrophil movement/activation
Clinical Applications and Future Perspectives:
- Diagnostic Biomarker:
- Shows differential expression
- Indicates disease progression
- Monitors treatment response
- Therapeutic Target:
- Development of specific inhibitors
- Combination therapy approaches
- Novel drug delivery systems
Suitable ELISA Kits
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